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ABS Spiral Chute
The ABS spiral chute is a non-powered gravity separation machine with a core chute body made of ABS engineering plastic. It is suitable for the separation of fine-grained minerals (particle size range: 0.3–0.02 mm), such as ilmenite, tin, tungsten, beach sand, tantalum, niobium, gold, coal, monazite, rutile, and zircon—as well as other metallic and non-metallic minerals with sufficient differences in specific gravity. It significantly improves the recovery rate of fine-grained useful minerals and is a widely used, highly efficient sorting device in gravity separation processes.
Capacity: 0.15-6 tph
Feeding Size: 0.02-0.3 mm
Feeding Density: 25% – 55%
ABS Spiral Chute Overview
The ABS spiral chute is a non-powered mineral processing machine that relies on the self-flow of slurry and gravity to achieve separation. Its core working component is a spiral chute made of acrylonitrile -butadiene-styrene (ABS) engineering plastic, which is mounted vertically on angle iron or channel steel supports. It achieves precise separation, segregation, and enrichment by leveraging the differing centrifugal forces, frictional forces, and water flow impacts experienced by minerals of varying specific gravities and particle sizes during the flow process.
ABS spiral chutes have a wide range of applications. They are suitable for the fine-grain separation of metal ores such as ilmenite, chromite, tin ore, tungsten ore, tantalum-niobium ore, and other metal ores, but also for processing rare minerals such as zircon and monazite in beach sand deposits. They are also suitable for the separation of various non-metallic ores with differing specific gravities and have been widely used for many years in coastal mining areas as well as in mines across Southeast Asia and South America.
Compared to similar equipment made of traditional cast iron or fiberglass-reinforced plastic, it can adapt to various complex mining conditions thanks to its excellent wear resistance, impact resistance, and corrosion resistance. Some optimized models also feature a flexibly adjustable trough angle design, allowing parameters to be adjusted based on the actual condition of the slurry. This significantly improves mineral recovery rates and sorting accuracy while eliminating the need for additional power consumption, resulting in lower operating and maintenance costs and a longer service life. It is a classic gravity separation machine in current mineral processing workflows that combines high cost-effectiveness with stability.
Features
- Material: Made from durable ABS plastic, resistant to corrosion, wear, and chemical degradation.
- Design: Spiral-shaped with multiple turns, allowing for gravity-driven separation by density.
- Extremely smooth surface: Low coefficient of friction ensures smooth slurry flow and reduces retention, making it suitable for fine slurry or lightweight minerals.
- Modular and Lightweight Design: The equipment is built using a modular assembly system, allowing each spiral section to be disassembled and reassembled on-site.
- Limitations of separation: Due to insufficient surface friction, processing coarse particles (>0.5 mm) or materials with large differences in specific gravity can result in blurred mineral bands and reduced recovery rates.
When to Use an ABS Spiral Chute?
- When processing alluvial or placer deposits(e.g., beach sands, riverbeds).
- For fine particle recovery(0.02–3 mm).
- As a pre-concentration step before further refining.
Advantages
ABS Spiral Chute Advantages
The ABS spiral chute separator delivers superior mineral processing performance through efficient, gravity-based separation technology. Combining rugged durability with environmental sustainability, these corrosion-resistant chutes feature smooth ABS surfaces that ensure optimal material flow while resisting wear, moisture, and chemical degradation. Their simple, power-free operation eliminates mechanical complexity and energy consumption, making them both cost-effective and eco-friendly—requiring no additional power sources, chemicals, or water-intensive processing. The precision-engineered spiral design enhances particle stratification, resulting in consistently high recovery rates and superior concentrate grades—all while maintaining minimal operational costs.
✔ Low energy consumption (no power required) – Operates purely on gravity, reducing energy costs.
✔ Superior Separation Efficiency – Optimized for recovering fine heavy minerals (0.02–3mm), including gold, tungsten, and tin, with minimal turbulence and high concentrate purity.
✔ Ultra-Durable Construction – ABS plastic resists wear, corrosion, and chemical exposure, ensuring extended service life with no maintenance required.
✔ Fast & Flexible Deployment – Modular units enable rapid setup and adjustable configurations for varying throughput demands.
✔ Eco-Friendly Processing – Reduces water usage by 50% and minimizes tailings grade to as low as 0.5%, supporting sustainable mining operations.
✔ Maintenance-Free Operation – No moving parts ensure consistent performance with zero upkeep, lowering long-term operational costs.
✔ Smooth Adjustable Flow – Engineered inner surface reduces turbulence, enhancing separation precision for higher mineral recovery.
Structures & Working Principle
ABS Spiral Chute Structure
The ABS spiral chute consists of six components: the feed distributor, feed trough, ABS spiral body, product collection trough, receiving hopper, and support system. At its core is a spiral blade assembly made of ABS engineering plastic.
Core Structural Components
- Feed Distributor: Located at the top, it is typically a multi-tube or feed-splitting hopper structure that ensures the slurry is evenly distributed to each spiral head.
- Feed Trough:Connects the distributor to the leading end of the spiral trough, guiding the slurry smoothly into the separation surface.
- ABS Spiral Chute:The main component, assembled from multiple sections of ABS plastic spiral blades connected by bolts. The inner surface is typically coated with a wear-resistant layer (such as polyurethane or resin mixed with silicon carbide) to form a continuous spiral inclined surface.
- Product Collection Trough: Located at the tail end of the chute, it features a valve block design that allows for radial adjustment of the collection width to separate concentrate, middlings, and tailings based on grade.
- Ore Collection Hopper: A concentric annular cylindrical structure that collects the multiple streams of ore after separation and directs them to separate outlets.
- Support System: Consists of angle iron/channel steel columns and cross-braces (or triangular braces) that support the entire structure and maintain vertical alignment.
ABS Spiral Chute Working Principle
The ABS spiral chute achieves efficient mineral separation through a combination of gravity, centrifugal force, and hydrodynamic sorting. As the ore slurry enters from the top, it flows downward along the spiral groove, where differences in particle density and size drive the separation process. Heavier minerals settle toward the inner groove due to greater centrifugal and gravitational forces, while lighter gangue materials are pushed outward by the flowing water. This natural stratification allows for precise partitioning into high-grade concentrate, middlings, and tailings, which are collected separately through strategically positioned adjustable splitters—all without mechanical intervention, ensuring reliable and energy-free operation.
Technical Parameters
| Model | ABS-5LL-1200 | ABS-5LL-900 | ABS-5LL-600 | ABS-5LL-400 | |
| Outside Dia (mm) | 1200 | 900 | 600 | 400 | |
| Pitch (mm) | 900, 720, 540 | 675, 540, 405 | 450, 360, 270 | 240, 180 | |
| Pitch Dia Ratio | 0.75, 0.6, 0.45 | 0.75, 0.6, 0.45 | 0.75, 0.6, 0.45 | 0.6, 0.45 | |
| Lateral Slope | 9° | 9° | 9° | 9° | |
| Number of Installed Spiral Heads | 2-4 | 2-4 | 2 | 2 | |
| Feeding Size (mm) | 0.3-0.03 | 0.3-0.03 | 0.2-0.02 | 0.2-0.02 | |
| Feeding Density(%) | 25-55 | 25-55 | 25-55 | 25-55 | |
| Capacity (T/H) | 4-6 | 2-3 | 0.8-1.2 | 0.15-0.2 | |
| Size | Length (mm) | 1360 | 1060 | 700 | 460 |
| Width (mm) | 1360 | 1060 | 700 | 460 | |
| Height (mm) | 5230 | 4000 | 2600 | 1500 | |
| Weight (Kg) | 600 | 400 | 150 | 50 | |
